Which two types of receptors are primarily associated with cholinergic agents?

Cholinergic agents directly interact with two main types of receptors in the body: nicotinic and muscarinic receptors.

Nicotinic receptors are found in various locations, including the neuromuscular junction where they mediate the transmission of signals between nerves and muscles, leading to muscle contraction. They are also located in the autonomic ganglia and the adrenal medulla, playing a crucial role in both the peripheral and central nervous systems.

Muscarinic receptors, on the other hand, are primarily found in the parasympathetic nervous system. They mediate several physiological responses such as increased secretion from glands, bronchoconstriction in the lungs, and decreased heart rate. There are multiple subtypes of muscarinic receptors, each contributing to different physiological effects in various tissues.

Understanding the distinct functions of nicotinic and muscarinic receptors helps to explain the diverse effects of cholinergic agents in therapeutic and pharmacological contexts. This is essential for grasping the overall impact of these agents on both the central and peripheral nervous systems.