Which adverse effect is commonly associated with the use of cholinergic medications?

Cholinergic medications, which mimic the action of acetylcholine in the body, are known to activate the parasympathetic nervous system. This activation typically leads to various physiological responses that counteract the effects of the sympathetic nervous system. Among the common adverse effects linked with these medications, hypotension stands out.

Cholinergic agents can cause vasodilation and a decrease in heart rate, which may lead to reduced blood pressure. Therefore, hypotension is a notable concern when using cholinergic medications. This adverse effect reflects the direct action on smooth muscle and blood vessels, resulting in dilation and subsequent lowering of blood pressure.

In contrast, the other options generally do not align with the profile of cholinergic medication side effects. For example, constipation is frequently associated with anticholinergic medications, which inhibit the actions of acetylcholine and can lead to decreased gastrointestinal motility. Increased heart rate is also contrary to cholinergic effects, as these medications typically slow the heart rate. Dry eyes, likewise, are more commonly seen with anticholinergic drugs as they reduce tear production.

Thus, hypotension is the correct answer as it accurately represents a common adverse effect associated with cholinergic medications.