What can result from inhibition of acetylcholinesterase?

Inhibition of acetylcholinesterase leads to prolonged action of acetylcholine in the synaptic cleft. Acetylcholinesterase is the enzyme responsible for breaking down acetylcholine into its acetic acid and choline components, which is crucial for terminating the action of acetylcholine after it has interacted with its receptors. When this enzyme is inhibited, acetylcholine is not sufficiently broken down and remains in the synaptic cleft for an extended period.

This prolonged presence of acetylcholine can enhance cholinergic signaling, potentially leading to increased stimulation of postsynaptic receptors. This can result in various physiological effects, such as increased muscle contraction, especially in the case of neuromuscular junctions, because acetylcholine serves as the primary neurotransmitter for muscle activation.

In summary, the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase results in an accumulation of acetylcholine, leading to prolonged activation of its receptors and thus prolonged effects in the body.